Fix ClickHouse LowCardinality + Nullable wrapping order

README.md

@@ -2217,10 +2217,10 @@ $schema->table('events')
     ->create();
 
 // CREATE TABLE `events` (`id` Int64, `status` LowCardinality(String),
-//   `country` Nullable(LowCardinality(String))) ENGINE = MergeTree() ORDER BY (`id`)
+//   `country` LowCardinality(Nullable(String))) ENGINE = MergeTree() ORDER BY (`id`)
 ```
 
-`Nullable` is applied outside `LowCardinality` to match ClickHouse's required wrapping order. The `lowCardinality()` method is only available on the ClickHouse builder — callers on other dialects (`MySQL`, `PostgreSQL`, `SQLite`, `MongoDB`) cannot reach this method at all.
+`Nullable` is applied inside `LowCardinality` to match ClickHouse's required wrapping order. The `lowCardinality()` method is only available on the ClickHouse builder — callers on other dialects (`MySQL`, `PostgreSQL`, `SQLite`, `MongoDB`) cannot reach this method at all.
 
 **FixedString(N)** — fixed-length string column. Use for ISO codes, hash digests, and other values whose byte length is known and constant:
 

src/Query/Schema/ClickHouse.php

@@ -37,14 +37,14 @@ protected function compileColumnType(Column $column): string
         if ($column instanceof Column\ClickHouse && $column->isFixedString()) {
             $type = 'FixedString(' . $column->fixedStringLength . ')';
 
-            if ($column->isLowCardinality) {
-                $type = 'LowCardinality(' . $type . ')';
-            }
-
             if ($column->isNullable) {
                 $type = 'Nullable(' . $type . ')';
             }
 
+            if ($column->isLowCardinality) {
+                $type = 'LowCardinality(' . $type . ')';
+            }
+
             return $type;
         }
 
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ protected function compileColumnType(Column $column): string
             ),
         };
 
-        if ($column instanceof Column\ClickHouse && $column->isLowCardinality) {
-            $type = 'LowCardinality(' . $type . ')';
-        }
-
         if ($column->isNullable) {
             $type = 'Nullable(' . $type . ')';
         }
 
+        if ($column instanceof Column\ClickHouse && $column->isLowCardinality) {
+            $type = 'LowCardinality(' . $type . ')';
+        }
+
         return $type;
     }
 

src/Query/Schema/Column/ClickHouse.php

@@ -114,8 +114,8 @@ public function primary(array $columns = []): static|Table
      *
      * Suitable for string columns with a small number of distinct values
      * (status enums, type discriminators, country codes). `Nullable` is
-     * applied outside `LowCardinality` to match ClickHouse's required
-     * wrapping order: `Nullable(LowCardinality(String))`.
+     * applied inside `LowCardinality` to match ClickHouse's required
+     * wrapping order: `LowCardinality(Nullable(String))`.
      */
     public function lowCardinality(): static
     {

tests/Query/Schema/ClickHouseTest.php

@@ -999,7 +999,7 @@ public function testCreateTableLowCardinalityColumn(): void
         );
     }
 
-    public function testCreateTableLowCardinalityNullableWrapsInBothOrder(): void
+    public function testCreateTableLowCardinalityNullableWrapsLowCardinalityOutermost(): void
     {
         $schema = new Schema();
         $result = $schema->table('events')
@@ -1009,7 +1009,22 @@ public function testCreateTableLowCardinalityNullableWrapsInBothOrder(): void
         $this->assertBindingCount($result);
 
         $this->assertSame(
-            'CREATE TABLE `events` (`id` Int64, `status` Nullable(LowCardinality(String))) ENGINE = MergeTree() ORDER BY (`id`)',
+            'CREATE TABLE `events` (`id` Int64, `status` LowCardinality(Nullable(String))) ENGINE = MergeTree() ORDER BY (`id`)',
+            $result->query,
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testCreateTableLowCardinalityNullableFixedStringWrapsLowCardinalityOutermost(): void
+    {
+        $schema = new Schema();
+        $result = $schema->table('events')
+            ->bigInteger('id')->primary()
+            ->fixedString('code', 2)->lowCardinality()->nullable()
+            ->create();
+        $this->assertBindingCount($result);
+
+        $this->assertSame(
+            'CREATE TABLE `events` (`id` Int64, `code` LowCardinality(Nullable(FixedString(2)))) ENGINE = MergeTree() ORDER BY (`id`)',
             $result->query,
         );
     }